Articles - Certified Energy

Common BASIX Issues in NSW

Written by Team CE | May 23, 2026 3:30:27 AM

Window Performance and BASIX in NSW

Windows play a major role in thermal comfort, energy efficiency and BASIX performance across residential developments in New South Wales.

Glazing systems influence:

  • heat gain
  • heat loss
  • daylight
  • ventilation
  • passive solar performance
  • indoor comfort

Because windows form part of the building envelope, glazing decisions can significantly affect both NatHERS thermal modelling and BASIX compliance outcomes.

Well-designed glazing can help improve comfort and reduce heating and cooling demand, while poor glazing design may contribute to overheating, heat loss and higher operational energy use.

Why Window Performance Matters

Window performance affects how a home responds to seasonal climate conditions throughout the year.

In NSW residential projects, glazing systems commonly influence:

  • summer overheating
  • winter heat retention
  • natural light levels
  • cross ventilation
  • passive solar gain
  • overall energy efficiency

Because glazing transfers more heat than insulated walls or roofs, window design often has a significant influence on thermal comfort outcomes.

For many projects, glazing decisions become one of the key factors affecting BASIX thermal performance.

Windows and Thermal Comfort

Thermal comfort assessments evaluate how efficiently a home maintains comfortable indoor temperatures throughout different seasons.

Windows influence thermal comfort through:

  • solar heat gain
  • insulation performance
  • orientation
  • shading
  • ventilation potential

Poorly designed glazing may result in:

  • excessive summer heat gain
  • cold indoor temperatures during winter
  • glare
  • increased heating and cooling demand
  • inconsistent indoor comfort

Well-considered glazing strategies can help create more stable indoor temperatures and reduce reliance on mechanical heating and cooling systems.

Glazing Orientation and Solar Gain

The orientation of windows can significantly affect thermal performance.

Different orientations receive different levels of solar exposure throughout the day.

For example:

  • west-facing glazing may contribute to overheating during summer afternoons
  • northern glazing may support winter solar gain
  • southern glazing often receives lower direct solar exposure

Because of this, glazing orientation is commonly considered alongside:

  • shading devices
  • eaves
  • vegetation
  • building layout
  • passive solar design principles

Balancing solar access and heat control is often important for improving BASIX outcomes.

Window Size and Glazing Ratios

Large glazing areas can improve daylight and visual connection, however excessive glazing may also increase unwanted heat transfer.

Projects with oversized glazing areas may experience:

  • higher cooling demand
  • increased heat loss
  • thermal comfort challenges
  • reduced energy efficiency

The relationship between glazing area and floor area is commonly assessed during thermal modelling.

In many cases, carefully balancing glazing sizes can improve building performance without significantly changing the architectural design intent.

SHGC and U-Values

SHGC and U-values are commonly used to evaluate glazing performance.

SHGC (Solar Heat Gain Coefficient) measures how much solar heat enters through glazing.

U-values measure how much heat transfers through the glazing system.

Together, these values help determine:

  • solar heat gain
  • insulation performance
  • seasonal thermal behaviour
  • overall energy efficiency

Different glazing systems may perform very differently depending on:

  • climate zone
  • orientation
  • shading conditions
  • frame type
  • building design

Frame Types and Thermal Performance

Window frame materials can also influence overall glazing performance.

Common frame types include:

  • aluminium
  • thermally broken aluminium
  • timber
  • uPVC
  • composite systems

Some frame systems transfer heat more readily than others, affecting the overall thermal performance of the glazing assembly.

In many projects, frame performance is considered together with glazing specifications during thermal assessments.

Double Glazing and BASIX

Double glazing can improve insulation performance by reducing heat transfer through the glazing system.

However, thermal performance is influenced by more than double glazing alone.

Factors such as:

  • orientation
  • shading
  • ventilation
  • glazing area
  • frame performance
  • passive design strategy

can all affect final BASIX outcomes.

In some situations, improving shading or adjusting glazing orientation may provide greater thermal performance benefits than upgrading glazing systems alone.

Ventilation and Window Design

Window placement can also influence natural ventilation performance.

Good ventilation design may help:

  • reduce overheating
  • improve indoor comfort
  • reduce cooling demand
  • improve air movement throughout the home

Cross ventilation strategies often work together with glazing design to improve overall thermal comfort performance.

Window operability, placement and airflow paths are commonly considered during passive design planning.

Passive Design and Window Performance

Window performance is closely connected to passive solar design principles.

Passive design strategies may include:

  • northern solar access
  • external shading
  • thermal mass
  • controlled glazing placement
  • cross ventilation
  • seasonal solar control

When glazing design is integrated early during concept planning, projects can often achieve better BASIX and NatHERS outcomes with fewer redesigns later in the approval process.

Window Performance in NatHERS Modelling

NatHERS thermal modelling evaluates how glazing systems affect indoor temperatures throughout the year.

The modelling process considers:

  • glazing size
  • orientation
  • SHGC values
  • U-values
  • shading
  • ventilation
  • climate conditions

These factors contribute to the predicted heating and cooling demand of the home.

Because glazing has such a strong influence on thermal behaviour, window performance commonly becomes a major part of the assessment process.

Common Window Performance Issues

Some common glazing-related BASIX issues include:

  • excessive west-facing glazing
  • poor shading design
  • oversized windows
  • incorrect glazing specifications
  • unrealistic performance assumptions
  • insufficient ventilation
  • poor orientation planning

These issues may lead to:

  • overheating
  • reduced thermal comfort
  • increased cooling demand
  • compliance difficulties
  • redesign costs

Early glazing coordination during concept design can often help avoid these issues later in the approval process.

Early Design Coordination

Window performance is generally most effective when considered early during the design process.

Early planning may help:

  • optimise orientation
  • improve passive solar performance
  • balance glazing ratios
  • reduce energy demand
  • improve thermal comfort
  • streamline BASIX compliance

Making glazing changes later in the project can sometimes increase redesign costs and approval delays.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why are windows important in BASIX?

Windows significantly affect thermal comfort, solar heat gain, insulation performance and overall energy efficiency.

Does double glazing improve BASIX performance?

Double glazing may improve insulation performance, however overall BASIX outcomes also depend on orientation, shading and passive design.

What affects window thermal performance?

Factors include glazing type, SHGC, U-values, orientation, shading, frame type and ventilation.

Can too much glazing affect BASIX compliance?

Yes. Excessive glazing areas can increase heat gain and heat loss, potentially reducing thermal comfort performance.

Does orientation matter for windows?

Yes. Different orientations receive different solar exposure levels and can significantly affect thermal comfort and energy efficiency.